Molecular Design and Synthesis of Heterocyclic Star-Shaped Discotic Mesogens

Abstract
In this review the current trends in the design of discotic mesogens, as well as questions of theoretical studies on mainly discotic compounds with diverse structure mesomorphism prognosis, including star-shaped compounds has been briefly discussed. The applicability of the method of mesomorphism prognosis characteristic of discotic mesogens (DM), for star-shaped DMs is analysed. The main part of the review is devoted to methods of synthesis of heterocyclic star-shaped discotic mesogens: thiradial, square type and truncated triangle, because they have the biggest prospects for practical applications. Methods of synthesis and influence of the compounds structure on the mesomorphism is analysed in the order of increasing the number of heteroatoms in the molecule: pyridines, pyrimidines, pyrazines, pyrroles, thiophenes, carbazoles, porphyrins, phthalocyanines, imidazoles, oxadiazoles, triazoles, triazines, triazolo-triazines, mixed structures and their analogues

Keywords: star-shaped discotic mesogens, heterocyclic compounds, molecular design, prognosis of mesomorfism, molecular parameters, synthesis, mesomorphic properties, application